There are a variety of e-Governance projects being implemented by different government agencies.Cutting across them all are some common issues which impinge implementation issues. This article highlights some steps which can improve the effectiveness of implementation.
Governance is a process by which governments and social organisations interact and relate to each other. In this interaction there are three primary actors: (a) State, (b) Civil society (including NGOs) and (c) Private sector (including media). These actors interact with each other in three spheres: administrative, economic and political. The Human Development Report, for instance, describes governance as “the exercise of power or authority — political, economic, administrative or otherwise — to manage a country’s resources and affairs. It comprises the mechanisms, processes and institutions, through which citizens and groups articulate their interests, exercise their legal rights, meet their obligations and mediate their differences”. The twin objectives of conducting public affairs and managing public resources can be achieved through just and moral means or through unjust and immoral means. Hence governance by itself may not be adequate. Good governance is the keystone. In the United Nations Millennium Report it is emphasised that “better governance means greater participation, coupled with accountability.”
Looking at the other end of the spectrum, it is amply evident that the citizens of a country, specially the poor, have to bear the brunt of bad governance. The UN has pointed out that bad governance
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