eShakti ICT enabled MNREGA
Implementing Agency: Department of Rural Development, Government of Bihar
The e-shakti Project has streamlined MGNREGS by fast tracking execution and instituting transparent and accountable management systems in the state of 
Bihar. Under the project close to 1 million polycarbonate smart cards each with 80 kb chip have been handed over directly to individual rural beneficiaries. The demographic and biometric data of 5 million rural beneficiaries has been collected. A central data center has been installed at the state head quarter with all 534 blocks in the state. A software application module for management of MGNREGS – from project creation to 
registering attendance of workers at project sites, measurement of project work, computation and disbursement of wages has been deployed. An integrated grievance redressal mechanism with a 24×7 call center has also been established. UIDAI of GoI has opted for e-Shakti to provide the Proof of Concept for Aadhaar in India.
The major objectives of the project were to undertake a green field project with the commitment to implement it on a population base scaled in a low resource setting in Bihar. The imperative of working in active partnership with a government machinery which is only trying to catch up with progressive ways and standards of professionalism; the heightening of stakes of MGNERGS functionaries in partnering to implement the project notwithstanding the fact that the same would make them increasingly more accountable in the process. Negotiating local power equations to suit project execution needs at local and other levels; and the integration of diverse stakeholder nodes at various levels (like the government departments, banks, local functionaries, communities, etc.) into a programme framework optimised for timebound delivery were some of the key challenges of the project.
Online Voting System
Implementing Agency: State Election Commission,Gujarat
State Election Commission (SEC), Gujarat has developed an Online Voting System (OVS) for its Local Body Elections. The SEC had implemented OVS in 
General Elections of 6 Municipal Corporations and is extending its outreach subsequently.
The entire system is designed and the procedures amended thereof keeping in mind the privacy of the voter and privacy of the ballot. It ensures completeness and adherence to the voting protocol as applicable to Internet based voting system; ensures availability and reliability 
of the voting system (i.e. protection against denial-of-service attacks, hacking, and phishing attempts); ensures authenticity of the voter (or the voting client acting on behalf of the voter, respectively); ensures authenticity of the vote caste and digital non traceability of the casted votes by citizen; supports the concept of secret ballot; maintains integrity of the digital ballots and ensures Non-duplication of the ballots and votes.
OVS has been planned and implemented so that it is scalable to accommodate future elections and large voter participation, deployable with the minimum efforts, secured, reliable, flexible, completeness and soundness of voting protocol, and adherent to principles fairness, secrecy and anonymity.
The various challenges posed by the project have been low awareness about OVS; voters’ faith in OVS; physical verifi- cation of voter identity; high availability of systems during polling timeframe; maximum 6 votes are cast from a client machine; risk of DoS attack, phishing & intrusion attacks.
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